一、阿卡迪亚是什么意思

这一词来源于古希腊的田园诗篇,被广泛用作地名,通常指代一个理想化的、和平宁静的社区或地区。

在古希腊神话中,阿卡迪亚是远离纷扰、纯净无暇的田园之地,人们在那里过着和平自足的生活。

阿卡迪亚(ARCADIA 阿卡迪亚)

另外,在加拿大的新不伦瑞克省,阿卡迪亚是一个真实存在的地方,同时也是该省的一座城市。在阿卡迪亚地区,有两个主要社区,分别是北阿卡迪亚和南阿卡迪亚。

这两个社区都位于圣约翰河沿岸,拥有丰富的自然资源和美丽的风景。阿卡迪亚的名字在当地的语言中意为“富饶的地方”,这表达了人们对这片土地丰富资源的赞美和敬畏之情。

二、阿卡迪亚的地名起源

阿卡迪亚这名字(Acadia)的来源可追溯到探险家维拉萨诺(1480年—1527年)的身上。在他的地图上他把现维吉尼亚州以北的整个大西洋沿岸地区称为Arcadie,希腊语的意思为“丰足的土地”。另一个推测认为“阿卡迪亚”是源于当地的米克马克语言的akatie和马莱西特语言的quoddy,意思分别为“地方”和“富饶的地方”。

三、ARCADIA 阿卡迪亚

Arcadia is a region of ancient Greece, consisting of valleys surrounded by high mountains and therefore difficult to access, whose inhabitants lived isolated from the rest of the world, proverbially living a simple, pastoral life.

阿卡迪亚(ARCADIA 阿卡迪亚)

阿卡迪亚是古希腊的一个地区,由高山环绕的山谷组成,因此很难进入,那里的居民与世隔绝,过着简单的田园生活。

The term refers to any region offering rural simplicity and contentment. Additionally, the term arcadia is used to refer to an imaginary and paradisal place.

这个词(Arcadia)指的是任何提供乡村简朴和满足的地区。此外,“世外桃源”(Arcadia)一词用来指想象中,像天堂般的地方。

The French painter Nicolas Poussin(1594-1665) used this pictorial tradition to paint one of his most famous canvasses, known as The Arcadian Shepherds, or Et in Arcadia Ego(1647). This painting represents four Arcadians, in a meditative and melancholy mood, symmetrically arranged on either side of a tomb. One of the shepherds kneels on the ground and reads the inscription on the tomb,"Et in Arcadia Ego," which can be translated as"I(the person in the tomb) also used to live in Arcadia." The second shepherd seems to discuss the inscription with a woman standing near him. The third shepherd stands pensively aside. In Poussin's painting,Arcadia is tinged by the melancholic contemplation of death itself, by the fact that our happiness in this world is very transitory and evanescent. Even when we feel that we have discovered a place where peace and gentle joy reign we must remember that is will end, and that all will vanish.

法国画家尼古拉斯·普桑(1594-1665)利用这一绘画传统,创作了他最著名的油画之一《田园牧童》。这幅画描绘了四个阿卡迪亚人,在冥想和忧郁的情绪中,对称地排列在坟墓的两侧。其中一个牧羊人跪在地上,读着坟墓上的铭文,“Et in Arcadia Ego”,可以译为“我(坟墓里的人)也曾住在阿卡迪亚。”第二个牧羊人似乎和一个站在他旁边的女人讨论铭文。第三个牧羊人静静地站在一旁沉思。在普桑的画中,世外桃源是带着忧郁的沉思的死亡本身,在这个世界上,我们的幸福短暂而虚无。即使当我们觉得我们已经发现了一个地方,那里充满了和平和温柔的欢乐,我们也必须记住,那将有尽头,一切都将消失。

For a further discussion of Poussin's painting, see Erwin Panofsky's essay in his book Meaning in the Visual Arts.

要进一步讨论普桑的绘画,请参阅Erwin Panofsky在《视觉艺术的意义》一书中的文章。